ANALISIS PEMAKAIAN DARJAH PEMBUKTIAN BAGI KESALAHAN HUDUD DI BAWAH ENAKMEN JENAYAH SYARIAH DI MALAYSIA
Analysis of Applied the Standard of Proof for Hudud Offences under the Shariah Criminal Enactment in Malaysia
Keywords:
standard of proof, Shariah crime, ḥudūd, yaqīn, ẓan al-ghālibAbstract
There are two inescapable areas of discussion in proof namely burden and standard of proof. Standard of proof is crucial in any trial of Shariah criminal cases because its accurate application guarantees real justice. Failure to adopt the required standard of proof may result in injustice to the parties involved. This writing aims to examine the standard of proof required to substantiate hudud offences under Islamic law and subsequently analyze them in relation to the Shariah criminal law as administered in this country. The study also intends to submit suggestive proposals on identified issues. The study stands on the framework of qualitative legal studies. Data and information are obtained through interviews and documentation including both identified and unidentified reported cases. All data is then analyzed through critical content analysis methodology. This research found that there is a lacuna in the law relating to the standard of proof in Shariah criminal cases in this country. Therefore, there are two approaches that have been used namely the application of yaqīn or less than yaqīn. The differences of opinion arise from spectrums of view held on whether hudud offences under the present law should remain as hudud or ta‘zīr offences. These differences indicate inconsistent views and practices. As such, this write up suggests that the application of ẓan al-ghālib as a standard of proof for hudud offences under the Shariah Criminal Enactment in the country accordingly, the difference in views can be finalized and standardized.
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Abd Razak Mat Nayan (Ketua Pendakwa Syarie, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 16 Oktober 2018.
Ahmad Muttaqi Ismail (Hakim, Mahkamah Rendah Syariah Wilayah Persekutuan), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 1 November 2018.
Mohd Khasmizan Abdullah (Pendakwa Syarie, Jabatan Pendakwaan Syariah Negeri Terengganu), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 2 April 2019.
Syeikh Ahmad Tarmizi Abd Halim (Pendakwa Syarie, Jabatan Agama Islam Kedah), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 26 Februari 2019.
Zainul Rijal Abu Bakar (Dato’, Peguam Syarie, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 8 November 2018.
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