Sectarian Fanaticism in Baghdad and its Most Prominent Manifestations in The 5th Century AH

Abstract

In the fifth Hijri century, sectarian fanaticism has emerged in its strongest and most
acute forms. Baghdad, the capital of the caliphate, has suffered a lot from its seditions and
events. Under the state of Bojana, the Shi’ite intellectual movement was activated in Baghdad
and it has developed leading to violent reactions of Sunnis who have been threatened in their
intellectual and national security. This article discusses the political and doctrinal
circumstances and their role in the emergence of this fanaticism and it highlights their
manifestations of the sedition (fitnah) that have arisen and led to fighting between Shiites and
Sunnis, which continued to carry out the Seljuk state, but at a lesser pace due to the persecution
of the Seljuk authorities of the Shi'a in an attempt to revive the sunnah’s curriculum in the
community. Additionally, the researcher sheds light on other ideological conflicts that emerged
after the middle of the fifth Hijri century between Sunni parties such as Hanninas and Ashasrah.
The researcher relies on the descriptive historical approach, and concludes that those
ideological differences, characterized by the character of the hyperbole, fanaticism and
indulgence of atonement led to the absence of tolerance for the other and the controversy that
is better, as well as these differences led to the neglect of the moderate approach through
behavior. In addition, leaders and some scholars have dramatically fuelled the fires sedition
(fitnah) and they crowd people to participate in which seriously affected the intellectual
security of the Islamic Ummah. This security which is the basis for all other types of security
and that is achieved by the Islamic nation's reservation of its religion, culture and affiliation