THE POTENTIAL OF BLUE ECONOMY IMPLEMENTATION FOR INDONESIA’S MARITIME TRANSPORT
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Abstract
Within the discourse of sustainable development, the concept of Blue Economy has received more attention from countries whose crucial sectors are oceans, including Indonesia. The geographical characteristics of Indonesia, as the biggest archipelagic country in the world, brings ocean-related sectors to the top priorities of the Indonesian government. In 2014, President Jokowi committed to adopting the blue economy concept in sectors related to the use of ocean, including maritime transport as one of the targeted sectors. Applying the agency theory to state policy implementation, this article aims to analyse the potential of Indonesian blue economic policies for developing its maritime transport. According to library research and interviews conducted by the author, Indonesia’s maritime transport has a great potential in contributing to the national economic growth. However, looking back at the development of maritime transport in Indonesia, this article highlights a gap between the sector’s potential and its actual contribution to the Indonesian economy. A Sustainable Maritime Transport System, published by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) in 2013, serves as a great tool for the Indonesian government to help Indonesia meet its greatest potential in maritime transport. In line with the blue economy concept, four aspects of the system align with Indonesia’s focus of concerns: safety of labours, marine pollution, energy saving, and development of port infrastructure. The implementation of the blue economy concept has the potential to not only optimise maritime transport's economic benefits, but also ensure longevity of ocean resources in Indonesia.
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