Repetitive Patterns of Eschatological Terminology in the Qur’an Through Rhetorical Approaches and ChatGPT Assistance

Abstract

This study examines the rhetorical pattern of lexical repetition related to the theme of eschatology in the Qur’an by integrating classical Arabic rhetorical analysis with the support of artificial intelligence through the ChatGPT application. Eschatological themes such as the Day of Judgment, resurrection, reckoning, paradise, and hell are among the core themes in Qur’anic discourse, conveying messages of warning, threat, and encouragement towards repentance and obedience. The repetition of words associated with these themes not only serves to reinforce the message but also carries a profound rhetorical impact on the reader’s and listener’s psyche. This study employs a qualitative textual approach by identifying key eschatological lexicons and analyzing their frequency, distribution, and function based on rhetorical principles such as takrār (repetition), ta’kīd (emphasis), and iltifāt (shifts in perspective). ChatGPT is utilized as a support tool to accelerate the extraction of keywords, verse searches, and initial interpretive suggestions. The findings indicate that repetition within the eschatological context is strategic and contextual, aiming to strengthen emotional impact and ethical awareness. While ChatGPT assists in data collection and categorization, human analysis remains essential to ensure authentic and in-depth understanding. This study contributes to contemporary Qur’anic studies by demonstrating the potential synergy between classical methodologies and modern technology in examining sacred texts more systematically.