Digital Al-Qur’an Applications and Artificial Intelligence (AI): An Overview

Abstract

The rapid growth of digital Quran applications has made Islamic content more accessible; however, issues related to authenticity, usability, and artificial intelligence (AI) integration remain underexplored. Many existing AI-powered tools, particularly chatbots, lack contextual accuracy and alignment with Islamic teachings. This study provides a comprehensive review of the development of digital Quran applications and the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), focusing particularly on chatbot systems. The review begins by identifying relevant Quranic websites and mobile applications, followed by an evaluation of their AI-related features. A set of criteria is applied to assess their authenticity, usability, and alignment with the needs of Muslim users. The core of the study compares the performance of six chatbot systems in responding to ten fundamental Quran-related questions in Malay. Each response is evaluated based on six criteria: factual accuracy, contextual explanation, alignment with Islamic sources, politeness, accessibility, and scriptural references. The findings reveal strengths and weaknesses across platforms and highlight the need for improved, authenticated AI-based Quranic systems. This work ultimately supports the design of more ethical, user-oriented, and shariah-compliant digital Quran platforms, particularly through initiatives like the Quranic AI Data Hub.