Submissions

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Submission Preparation Checklist

As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.

  • The submission has not been previously published, nor is it before another journal for consideration (or an explanation has been provided in Comments to the Editor).
  • The submission file is in OpenOffice, Microsoft Word, or RTF document file format.
  • Where available, URLs for the references have been provided.
  • The text is single-spaced; uses a 12-point font; employs italics, rather than underlining (except with URL addresses); and all illustrations, figures, and tables are placed within the text at the appropriate points, rather than at the end.
  • The text adheres to the stylistic and bibliographic requirements outlined in the Author Guidelines.

Author Guidelines

1. Prospective contributions must be clearly written using British English and should be of interest to a broad readership. Articles should be between 4,000 to 7,000 words. Suitability of length of articles is dependent on the subject matter and focus. Tables and figures should be clearly labelled.
2. All contribution must have a brief English and Malay abstract about 200 words, together with the Malay and English keywords not more than 10 words. It also required a list of bibliography. For the non-Malay writers, the journal will translate their abstract into Malay.
3. Submitted articles must be original work. Articles that have been published elsewhere or are being considered for publication by other journals of publications would not be considered. However, articles accepted in conference proceedings that have been revised, updated, and extended may be considered for review.
4. References should be noted with numbers 1., 2., 3. and typed and single-spaced, using Times New Roman font 12, and placed it below the text of the manuscript. The author must also provide the references in English if the manuscript written in Arabic language. The references should also follow the 16th Chicago Style.
5. It is the responsibility of the author(s) to ensure that the English used has been thoroughly checked to ensure that there is no grammatical or spelling error. Authors who wish to refine the use of English in their manuscripts may like to consider engaging professional editing services. Any costs incurred in engaging such services are the sole responsibility of the author(s).
6. Manuscripts should be submitted by e-mail in either *.docx or *.doc (MS Word Document format) to OJS. Contact information should include mailing address, telephone and fax numbers, and e-mail address.
7. Review of the manuscript is carried out as swiftly as possible. Once a decision for publication, whether accepted or rejected, is made, the corresponding author is notified by e-mail.
8. All conflicts of interest must be declared by all prospective contributors in the Acknowledgement section of the article. Conflicts of interest include any personal or professional affiliation, any financial interests, and/or any past, present or anticipated activities that may compromise the quality or objectivity of the manuscript. Therefore, we would like to invite and encourage students and lecturers to submit their manuscripts to this journal.

Copyright Notice

  • Reporting standards: authors of reports of original research should present an accurate account of the work performed as well as an objective discussion of its significance. Underlying data should be represented accurately in the paper. A paper should contain sufficient detail and references to permit others to replicate the work. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behaviour and are unacceptable.
  • Originality and Plagiarism: the authors should ensure that they have written entirely original works, and if the authors have used the work and/or words of others that this has been appropriately cited or quoted. Plagiarism takes many forms, from passing off another paper as the author's own paper, to copying or paraphrasing substantial parts of another's paper (without attribution), to claiming results from research conducted by others. Plagiarism in all its forms constitutes unethical publishing behaviour and is unacceptable.
  • Multiple, Redundant or Concurrent Publication: an author should not in general publish manuscripts describing essentially the same research in more than one journal or primary publication. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently constitutes unethical publishing behaviour and is unacceptable.
  • Acknowledgement of Sources: proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given. Authors should cite publications that have been influential in determining the nature of the reported work. Information obtained privately, as in conversation, correspondence, or discussion with third parties, must not be used or reported without explicit, written permission from the source. Information obtained in the course of confidential services, such as refereeing manuscripts or grant applications, must not be used without the explicit written permission of the author of the work involved in these services.
  • Authorship of the Paper: authorship should be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study. All those who have made significant contributions should be listed as co-authors. Where there are others who have participated in certain substantive aspects of the research project, they should be acknowledged or listed as contributors. The corresponding author should ensure that all appropriate co-authors and no inappropriate co-authors are included on the paper, and that all co-authors have seen and approved the final version of the paper and have agreed to its submission for publication.
  • Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest: all authors should disclose in their manuscript any financial or other substantive conflict of interest that might be construed to influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript. All sources of financial support for the project should be disclosed.
  • Fundamental errors in published works: when an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published work, it is the author's obligation to promptly notify the journal editor or publisher and cooperate with the editor to retract or correct the paper.